带来，带走(台湾版）

小嘴乱吻

翻译：echoflying
校对：coffee, 单行道上


带来，带走：一个朴素的俗谚很有效地让来野外的每个人随身带走他们的垃圾。首先，没有理由为什么人们不能把他们带到野外的多余的食物和包装材料带离野外。乱丢乱扔的行为在很多野外地区比10到20年前好了很多，但乱丢乱扔仍然是一个问题。虽然大部分垃圾和丢弃物对野外并不对该地区长远的生态平衡产生很大的影响，但对很多到野外的人而言，要把这列为一个高优先级的问题。垃圾和丢弃物是损害一个地区的原始形态最基本的社会影响。
Pack It In, Pack It Out.This common saying is a simple yet effective way to get backcountry visitors to take their trash home with them. There is no reason why people cannot carry out of the backcountry the extra food and packing materials which they carried in with them in the first place. The litter situation in many backcountry areas is better than it was 10-20 years ago; however, litter continues to be a problem. Though most trash and litter in the backcountry is not significant in terms of the long term ecological health of an area, it does rank high as a problem in the minds of many backcountry visitors. Trash and litter are primarily social impacts which can greatly detract from the naturalness of an area.
  
从垃圾的来源考虑减少丢弃物。很多野外垃圾和丢弃物通常由食物而来。可能履行“带来、带走”原则的最简单的方法就是提前计划和准备。如果多花一些时间很好地整理食物，完全可能将潜在的垃圾留在家里。为了减少你必须打包带走的垃圾的数量和重量，可以通过把固体食物重新包装放在塑料袋中，将液体灌入可重复利用的容器中。
Reduce litter at the source. Much backcountry trash and litter originates from food items. Perhaps the easiest way to practice the principle of Pack it In, Pack it Out is to plan ahead and prepare. It is possible to leave most potential trash at home if you take the time to properly prepare food supplies. Reduce the volume of trash you have to pack out and save weight by repackaging solid food into plastic bags and liquids into reusable containers.
  
另外一个比较好的办法是坚持简单饮食：短途旅行，可以考虑不带炉具，只携带不需要烹饪的食物。这将极大减少带到野外的背包重量和过多的食物包装袋。
Another good idea is to keep your menu simple: For short trips, consider not taking a stove and taking only food that requires no cooking. This significantly reduces backpack weight and excess food packaging taken into the backcountry.
  
首选的处理垃圾的方法是将它打包带走。一些垃圾不能焚烧，而且不是所有户外环境允许生火。一些区域由于生火太危险或者对营地伤害太大而禁火。一些地区，如沙漠环境，由于缺乏生火的木头，点火的想法是不实际的。
Your first preference for dealing with trash should be to pack it out. Much trash is non able and not all outdoor settings are acceptable for building fires. Areas are often closed to fires due to high fire hazards or excessive campsite damage. Some areas, such as desert settings, are impractical for fires due to the scarcity of firewood.
  
在任何情况下都不能掩埋食物残渣！丢弃或者掩埋的食物残渣会吸引生活在附近的小动物。通常，能见到花栗鼠、地松鼠和其他一些鸟类围在营地厨房旁边。这些营地掠夺者已经惯于将野营者作为一种食物来源。人类的食品不是野生动物天然的食品，他们自然的进食循环和习惯会被破坏。一个有争议的不留痕迹的露营者通常保持一个干净的营地。
Under no circumstance should food scraps be buried! Discarded or buried food scraps becomes attractive to small animal life which live in the area. It is common to see chipmunks, ground squirrels, and various species of birds gathering around camp kitchens. These camp robbers have become habituated to campers as a food source. Human food is not natural to wild animals and their natural feeding cycles and habits have become disturbed. A contentious no-trace camper always keeps a clean camp.
  
多熊的野外需要特别考虑的内容：旅行在多熊的野外，不管是有黑熊或者灰熊，垃圾的处理会尤为重要。最基本的考虑是安全，包括来访者和熊的安全。人生安全是第一优先级的。如果熊被惹恼或者熟悉人类，熊可能会变成非常危险的动物。熊的安全也是需要考虑的。熊熟悉人类，往往是通过食物发生联系，这将使之成为有问题的熊，而且必须采取行动，有时会以它的生命为代价。虽然黑熊比灰熊要少威胁来访者，但可能的人身伤害还是可能的，必须要做好准备。
Special Considerations for Bear Country. When traveling in bear country, whether there are black bears or grizzly bears present, the disposal of garbage takes on a new significance. The primary concern here is safety, both for the visitor and for the bear. Personal safety is the first priority; a bear can be a very dangerous animal if provoked or habituated to humans. Safety of the bear is also a concern. Once a bear is habituated to people, usually because it associates people with food, it can rapidly become a problem bear and will have to be dealt with actively, sometimes at the expense of its life. Though black bears present less of a threat to the personal safety of backcountry visitors than grizzly bears, the potential for personal injury does exist and preparations should be taken.
  
脏乱的厨房和食物气味会吸引熊。厨房必须安放在距离营帐至少100英尺的地方，而且，如果可能，靠近小溪或河流。一个尽责的少影响自然的露营者通常保持一个干净的营地，无论是否在有熊的地区。如果你怀疑该地区有熊，食物必须放置到距离帐篷和厨房100英尺的地方，悬挂在两个数中间，距离地面10英尺，距离树干4英尺。所有食物和食物垃圾必须挂起。即使这样，善于攀爬的黑熊，仍然能拿到你的食物。把食物带到营帐中会导致危险到睡眠区域，而且放在背包中的食物会导致背包被熊在寻找食物气味源头时被撕毁。
Messy kitchens and food odors can attract bears. Kitchens should be placed at least 100 feet from tent sites and, if possible, near streams or rivers. A conscientious low-impact camper always keeps a clean camp whether there are bears in the area or not. If you suspect bears are in the area, food must be kept at least 100 feet from tent and kitchen sites and hung at least 10 feet off the ground between trees and 4 feet away from the trunks of the trees. All food items and trash must be hung. Even with this preparation black bears, who are adept at climbing, may still reach your food. Food brought to your tent invites danger to your sleeping area and food left in your pack may result in a destroyed pack as the bear searches for the source of food odors.
  
记住：带来，带走，还有循环使用。
Remember to Pack it In, Pack it Out, and recycle.

小嘴乱吻

受教